New studies show that terpenes also have anti-cancer properties

Terpenes are organic compounds found in various plants that are known for their distinctive flavors and aromas. Beyond their sensory properties, terpenes offer therapeutic and medicinal benefits significant. These compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties.

In nature, Terpenes play a crucial role, notably by deterring predators, attracting pollinators, and protecting plants from environmental stressors. With approximately 20,000 identified types, each terpene has characteristics and its own specific health effects.

Terpenes in Cannabis

Cannabis is a well-known source of terpenes, which help identify the different varieties by their smell or aroma.

Recent research has highlighted the the potential of terpenes in cancer treatment. A Chinese study has shown that the terpenes in hemp, particularly the’humulene and caryophyllene, have pain-relieving and tumor-reducing properties. Researchers found that the hemp oil extracts reduced neuropathic pain and tumor growth in mice, suggesting a A new approach to cancer treatment.

According to the study, «HEO [hemp essential oil] plays a role not only in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy induced by cancer chemotherapy, but also in antitumor therapy, which offers key insights for new strategies in cancer treatment and provides a reference for the medicinal development of hemp.»

Limonene and Cancer Prevention

The limonene, a popular terpene found in citrus fruits, has been the subject of numerous studies for its anti-cancer properties. A 2021 Review summarized various studies analyzing the effects of limonene on cancer in animals.

The results indicate that limonene effectively targets factors related to cancer growth, including size, volume, weight, and number of tumors. In addition, limonene increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes and improves survival rates in rodents.

In another study, women with breast cancer have noticed a a 22% reduction in breast tumor cell expression after consuming 2 grams of limonene per day for six weeks.

Other Beneficial Terpenes

Phytol, a terpene found in green tea and in certain varieties of cannabis such as the Sour Diesel and the Cheese, also shows promise in oncology. Research indicates that phytol has pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties, which would make it useful in the treatment of breast cancers and of the liver. Phytol can induce apoptosis, the programmed cell death process, which is crucial in cancer treatment.

Studies have shown that the’hexacannabitriol had the same properties.

The Therapeutic Potential of Terpenes

Several compounds in cannabis, including THC and CBD, have strong anticancer properties. These Cannabinoids help fight cancer by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting tumor growth. Other cannabinoids such as CBC and CBG also have powerful properties anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The synergy between terpenes and cannabinoids, known under the name of’entourage effect, enhances their therapeutic benefits.

Inflammation, which is the body's response to harmful stimuli, can lead to cell and DNA damage, tumor growth, and the proliferation of cancer cells. Chronic inflammation is a major factor in the development of cancer. Early detection, lifestyle changes, and appropriate medication—including the strategic use of cannabis—can help reduce the risk of cancer.

Conclusion

Although research on terpenes and cancer is still in its early stages, the results obtained so far are promising.

Terpenes, beyond their contributions to aroma and flavor, have significant therapeutic potential. Found in cannabis, hemp, fruits, and other plants, terpenes such as humulene, caryophyllene, limonene, and phytol have shown promising anticancer properties. As research progresses, incorporating terpenes into cancer treatment could offer new strategies for combating this challenging disease.

Ongoing research on terpenes highlights the importance of natural compounds in medical research. As our understanding deepens, these organic compounds could play a crucial role in the development of effective cancer therapies.