Mauritius begins to think about reforming its cannabis laws

In Mauritius, the issue of cannabis is currently back in the public debate.

At the heart of this discussion lies the National Agency for Drug Control (NADC), responsible for developing a technical framework for analysis.

The agency has established a Technical Working Group on Cannabis Reform that brings together key institutions such as the State Legal Office, the National Human Rights Commission, and a forensic science laboratory, as well as academic experts, with the goal of define how a potential reform could be studied collectively.

Chair of the NADC and the working group, Kunal Naik made a point of clarifying the philosophy behind the process:

«Today, we are holding the first meeting of the Technical Working Group on cannabis reform, which I am chairing myself. This meeting will allow us to develop a working methodology, establish a schedule for the coming weeks and months, identify the tasks to be completed, and assign mentors.»

The approach adopted is based on a evidence-based analysis, incorporating health, social, economic, and legal dimensions. At this stage, no single model is being favored, and the existing legal framework, governed by the Dangerous Drugs Act, remains in full force and effect.

Three scenarios are on the table, with no predetermined decision

The institutional discussion centers on three distinct options the decriminalization, decriminalization (Yes, There is a difference between the two) and the legalization. Each one is subject to specific analyses, particularly with regard to health impacts, compliance with international commitments, and legal feasibility.

To enhance the credibility of the process, the NADC has engaged in discussions with international organizations such as the’UNODC and the’WHO, while working with the Attorney General’s Office to anticipate the legislative implications of a potential policy change. The stated goal is to produce balanced recommendations that can inform decision-makers without prejudging the political outcome.

Alongside institutional efforts, civil society intends to play its part. The organization CURE Mauritius thus proposed a detailed model of decriminalization of cannabis, which focuses on risk reduction and the proportionality of sanctions. Its founder, François Henri, criticizes the effects of strict prohibition, which he links to prison overcrowding and the stigmatization of young people, while diverting public resources away from the fight against organized trafficking.

His proposal is based on a clear distinction between personal use and serious offenses, while maintaining a firm stance against the sale, distribution, and use by minors, as well as driving under the influence. The proposed approach is intended to be consistent with the Constitution—particularly the right to privacy—and draws on international experiences carried out in South Africa, at Brazil or to Portugal, often cited for its deterrence measures focused on care rather than criminal punishment.

A reform conceived as a process, not as a break with the past

In official discourse, as well as in proposals put forward by citizens, there is consensus on one point: any change regarding the cannabis in Mauritius must be gradual, guided, and debated.

The authorities regularly emphasize that this is neither a strong political statement nor an announcement of legalization, but rather a in-depth reflection process, involving experts, institutions, NGOs, and civil society.

The findings from this research should contribute to the National Drug Commission, which reports to the Prime Minister, prior to any potential government decision. In the meantime, the debate is unfolding step by step, striking a delicate balance between regulatory caution, public health imperatives, and the desire for a more coherent policy in light of contemporary realities.