Czech Assembly votes to legalize cannabis self-cultivation

The Czech Chamber of Deputies approved by a clear majority, 142 out of 159 members of Congress, the reform of the Czech Criminal Code, which includes, among other things, a relaxation of the cannabis laws. If it is passed by the Senate, which is leaning in the same direction as the National Assembly, the reform will take effect on January 2026.

Legalization of personal cultivation and decriminalization

Under the proposed changes, Czech adults:

• would be legally authorized to grow up to three cannabis plants for personal use
• could possess up to 100 grams of dried cannabis at home or 25 grams in public

Possession or cultivation in excess of the new legal limits would still be subject to penalties, but the legal framework introduces a a graduated scale of consequences. Growing four or five plants, for example, would be considered a misdemeanor, while possession of more than 200 grams of dried cannabis at home could be considered a crime.

The initiative, led by the congresswoman Zdenka Němečková Crkvenjaš, does not measure up to the Proposals from the Pirate Party, who had advocated for the creation of a regulated cannabis market. Their broader view of legalization was ultimately rejected, making this reform a political compromise rather than full adherence to a commercial cannabis model.

If the Czech Senate If the bill is approved, the country could join the growing list of European nations that are reconsidering their stance on cannabis, even as the debate over the legalization or regulation continues in the Czech Republic.

As part of the same reform, the Chamber of Deputies approved the psilocybin for mental health treatments.